Mechanical design is to conceive, analyze and calculate the working principle, structure, movement mode, force and energy transmission mode of the machine, the material and shape and size of each part, and the lubrication method according to the requirements of use and convert it into a specific description. The working process is the basis for manufacturing.
Mechanical design can be divided into three types: new design inherited design, and modified design.
The new design is the application of mature science and technology or a new technology that has been proved to be feasible through experiments, and the design of a new type of machinery that has not been seen in the past. Inheritance design is to update the design of the existing machinery based on the user experience and technological development to improve its performance, reduce its manufacturing cost, or reduce its operating cost. A variant design is the development of variant products that are different from the standard type by partially modifying or adding or deleting existing machinery to meet new needs.
1. Develop design tasks according to user orders, market needs and new scientific research results.
2. Preliminary design.
3. Technical design.
4. Work drawing design.
5. Finalized design.
The product range of the construction machinery industry is mainly divided from the general equipment manufacturing profession and the special equipment manufacturing category. The product range covers 18 categories of products in the construction machinery industry, including excavating machinery, shovel transportation machinery, and construction lifting machinery. Industrial vehicles, compaction machinery, piling machinery, concrete machinery, steel and prestressing machinery, decoration machinery, rock drilling machinery, pneumatic tools, railway route machinery, military engineering machinery, elevators and escalators, special parts for engineering machinery, etc.
①Excavating machinery
②Shovel transport machinery
③Lifting machinery
④Compaction machinery
⑤Piling machinery
⑥Reinforced concrete machinery
⑦Road machinery
⑧Rock drilling machinery
⑨Other construction machinery
After the 17th century, the capitalist commodity economy developed rapidly in Britain, France and other countries. Many people devoted themselves to improving the working machinery needed by various industries and developing new power machinery-steam engines. The main material for making machinery has gradually changed from wood to metal. The machinery manufacturing industry began to take shape and gradually became an important industry. Mechanical engineering has developed from a decentralized technique that mainly relies on the individual talents and craftsmanship of a craftsman to a systematic and independent engineering technique guided by theory. Mechanical engineering is the main technological factor that contributed to the industrial revolution and capitalist mechanical production in the 18th to 19th centuries.
While the development of engineering technology improves human material civilization and living standards, it also has a destructive effect on the natural environment. Since the middle of the 20th century, two serious problems have been exposed: massive consumption of resources (the most serious of which is energy) and serious environmental pollution. In terms of energy, the improvement of nuclear fission power plants, the development of solar energy, geothermal, tidal energy, and seawater temperature difference energy can reduce dependence on non-renewable fossil energy. From a long-term perspective, nuclear fusion is a promising and almost endless future energy source. Based on the future achievements of nuclear physics, mechanical engineering and other engineering technologies can complete the development and promotion of nuclear fusion power plants in the 21st century, which may completely solve the world’s energy problems. Using this new energy source can simultaneously reduce carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere.
Agricultural machinery is generally classified by purpose. Most of the machines are specially designed and manufactured according to the characteristics of agriculture and the special requirements of various operations, such as soil tillage machinery, planting and fertilizing machinery, plant protection machinery, crop harvesting machinery, animal husbandry machinery, and agricultural product processing machinery. The other part of agricultural machinery is commonly used in other industries, and can be directly selected according to the characteristics and needs of agriculture, such as agricultural power machinery, water pumps in farmland irrigation and drainage machinery, etc.; or these machinery can be designed as agricultural variants according to the characteristics and needs of agriculture, such as agriculture Agricultural vehicles and trailers in transportation machinery and soil and stone machinery in farmland construction machinery.
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The development of agricultural machinery is directly related to the economic conditions of the country and the countryside. In economically developed countries, especially in the United States where there are few agricultural labors, agricultural machinery continues to develop in the direction of large-scale, wide-width, high-speed and high-productivity, and gradually transition to the automation of the production process on the basis of mechanization. Various advanced science and technology, such as electronic technology and micro-electronic computer technology, are increasingly used in agricultural machinery products and their design and manufacturing. In the livestock breeding industry, especially the chicken industry has entered the stage of factory continuous production, the airtight chicken house that automatically controls the microclimate is a new development in livestock machinery.